Furnaces and muffle furnaces are equipment used in scientific and industrial laboratories for high-temperature heating processes. Furnaces are used to heat materials to high temperatures (up to 1300°C) in a controlled environment, while muffle furnaces are specifically designed to heat samples in closed containers (up to 1100°C).
These devices are crucial for various applications, including sintering, calcination, drying, and thermal treatment of materials. Due to their ability to reach precise and controlled temperatures, providing optimal thermal conditions, furnaces and muffle furnaces are necessary instruments for scientific research, material analysis, and industrial production.